Stephen m



(No Model.)

s.M. ALLEN. Manufacture of Paper Pulp from'Wood.

0 w 2 2 e n u I. d e t n e t a P MAM.)

U ITED "STATES PATENT 0am- STEPHEN M. ALLEN, 0 F DUXBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

MANUFACTURE OFfPA'PER-PUL P FROM wooo.

SPECIFICATION forming part of'Ltt rs Patent No. 229,073, dated June 22, I880.

utate. filed April 12, 1880. (No. model) I I To' all whom it may concern Be it known that I, STEPHENM. ALLEN, of Duxbury, State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Manufacture of Paper-Pulp from Wood, which invention is fullysset forth in the following specification.

In grinding wood for paper-pulp the great advantages of preserving the length of fiber within certain limits, as Well as of making a fiber that will interlace and felt in the sheet day of March, 1878, is described a method of grinding woodby a pair of grinding-cylinders provided with corrugations to cut the fiber at suitable lengths. In this method the wood is fed through a suitable hopper and pressed sidewise between grinding surfaces, which both revolve outwardthat is, against the line of ressure.

The first part of the present invention consists in the application of these principlesto single grinders, and maybe stated to be the separating of fiber from wood by pressing it sidewise on the surface of 'a single grinder by the aid of a suitably-disposedhopper against the motion of the grinding-surface, and as elevation, partly in section.

near as possible tangential to it.

Heretofore when hoppers or pockets have been combined with single grinders with their line of length approaching a position tan gential tothe periphery of the grinder, the revolution of the latter has been in the same direction as the feed.

It is foundthat by'my improved method the fiber is removed more efficiently andwith less power. I

This invention also comprises the use of a stream of water flowing over the wood in the hopper to wet the same and over the grinding- -surface to Wet it, and also tocarry ofi' the fiber as it is ground from the block presented sidewise ;against the revolving grinder.

In this way itis possible to apply the water 'mostefficiently to regulate the quantity em-= ployed, and to utilize it to the fullest extent.

In order to prevent the mixing of the pulp I employa continuous feed of improved construction, comprising spiked surfaces arranged to penetrate the ends of the sticks of wood.

The advantages of this feed are, that the spikes penetrate the ends of the sticks more easily and take a'firmer hold of the wood than if arranged to act on the sides of the wood, and the feed is also capable of more general application.

The particular construction and combination of parts in the apparatus, as hereinafter indicated, also form a part of this invention.

border that the invention and the manner .of carrying the" same into effect may be well and readily iunderstood by those skilled in the art, it will be described in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 represents, in sectlonal view, a machine for reducing wood to pulp constructed in accordance with this invention, the section being taken in a plane at right angles to the axis of the grinding-cylinder. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the grinding-cylinder and feed and Fig. 3, a View of the same in front In Fig. 3 one side of the hopper is removed, and in all the figures the gearing for revolving the cylinder and operating the feed are,

for convenience of illustration, omitted.

A is the grinding-cylinder, of any ordinary or suitable material, but preferably having a grinding surface of oorundum or emery, or similar abrading material. It may be constructed in accordance with any of the Letters Patent heretofore granted to me for grinders of emery or artificial stone. The cylindershown is made as described in my PatentNo. 223,304, dated January 6, 1880.

B is a frame or base of suitable material, as metal or wood. It is provided with a basin or receptacle, 0, in which the cylinder A is supwiththe smallunground portions of stock ported. The bearings for the cylinder are in the sides of the frame, and the shaft or axle is connected on the outside, by a belt or other suitable gearing, with a motor, by which the grinder is revolved.

D is the hopper through which the wood is fed to the grinding-cylinder. It is placed as far off the center as possible, with the line of pressure of the wood against the motion of the cylinder, and as nearly as possible tangential to the periphery of the cylinder. In the drawings one of the inner faces of the hopper is approximately in a planetangential' to the periphery of the grinder. The direction of revolution of the latter is indicated by the arrow.

The wood is fed by endless belts or chains E, provided with spikes. They are arranged to descend inside the ends of the hopper, and the spikes, being forced into the ends of the sticks, carry them downward.

In the drawings the spikes are exaggerated il'l length. Their strength must, of course, be sufficient to pierce and carry along the sticks.

I have shown a series of chains which practically extend across the ends of the hopper; but a chain of plates of the desired width could be employed. The plates F at the back of the chains hold them to their work and insure the penetration of the points or spikes. A series of rolls could be used instead.

The endless chains run on suitable pulleysaffixed to the shafts G. These shafts are supported in bearings attached to suitable standards or parts of the machine-frame, and provided with suitable mechanism for tightening the chains. The required revolution of the shafts is effected by suitable gearing; but this, as well as the supports and bearings for the shafts, I have not shown, as they can be readily supplied by a competent mechanic, and do not of themselves constitute a part of this invention.

Instead of the endless chains, a series of spiked rollers could be used to feed the wood. On the side of the hopper opposite to the grinder, on the exterior, are formed or placed a series of shelves, H, extending upwardly and outwardly, and at or near their lines of attachment are a series of holes extending through the wall of the hopper into the interior. The object of these shelves is to catch water which is introduced into the apparatus and cause it to flow into the hopper and wet or dampen the wood.

The receptacle or pit in the machine-frame is covered by plates I ,of suitable configuration. It is divided into two parts by a partition, K, which extends almost into contact with the periphery of the grinder.

L. is a pipe for the introduction of water. Its outlet is turned upward, so that the water falls into the shelves H.

M is a spout by which the ground pulp is carried off.

The operation is as follows: Motion is imparted to the cylindrical grinder and to the feed-chains. The wood, in sticks of practically equal length is placed in thehopper, and by the spikes or points on the endless chains, which are forced into the ends of the sticks, is carried downward and forced against the periphery" of the revolving grinder. The pressure of the feed being off the center as far as possible and against the motion of the grinder, the fibers are separated without destroying their length with little loss of power and waste of material. Water being introduced by the pipe L is forced upward, and, being caught by the shelves H, flows into the hopper and over the periphery of the grinder. The ground pulp is carried over the grinder to the compartment opposite the hopper, and is carried oh by the. spout M. The small pieces of waste stock drop down into the receptacle on the same side of the partition K as the hopper, the object of said partition being to separate these pieces of wood from the pulp. V and ground by suitableapparatus orcnherwise disposed of. n'

The stream of water assists in the ding, also in carrying the fiber, as it is ground off, into the proper portion of the receptacle out through the delivery-spout. The inflow of the water is regulated by ordinary or suitable means. 3

It is obvious that more or less modification can be made in the disposition of the parts and in the details of the apparatus without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I wish it to be understood, however, that 1 do not claim herein, broadly, the combination of a continuous feed with a grinding-cylinder, nor the use of endless chains in such a feed; but I reserve the right to make separate application therefor.

Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner in which the same is may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In grinding wood by means of single revolving grinding-cylinders, the method of" effecting the separation of the fiber from the blocks or sticks by pressing the wood sidewise on the said single grindingcylinder against the motion thereof, with the line of These pieces can becollected pressure as near as possible tangential to its periphery, substantially as described.

2. The method of grinding wood by pressing the same sidewise against a revolving grinding-surface, and wetting the wood and grinding-surface, and carrying off the fiber or pulp as formed by a stream of water flowing over the wood and grinding-surface, substantially as described.

3. In a woodgrindin g machine, the supporting-frame provided with a pit or receptacle divided by a partition, in combination with a revolving grinder supported by said frame so as to revolve in said pit or receptacle above said partition, substantially as described.

4:. The combination, with a single revolvinggrinding-cylinder, of a hopper arranged with one of its sides approximately in a plane tangential to the periphery of the cylinder, and

5 provided with shelves 229,073 g V s so that the pressure of the wood as it is fed through said hopper is against the motion of said cylinder, substantially as described.

5. In a wood-grinding machine, the hopper and pierced with holes corresponding to said shelves for catching and conducting the spray of a liquid through the wood as it passes through said hopper, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the cylindrical grinder and hopper, provided with shelves and pierced with holes near the line of attachment of said shelves, with a pipe for spraying water for Wetting the wood in the hopper and the surface of the grinder, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the grinder, the hopper or feeding apparatus, the frame having a receptacle or pit divided by a partition below the grinder, an inlet for water, and an outlet for the pu substantially as described.

8. The( om bination, with arevolvin g grinder, of a con uious feed comprising spiked surfaces 1 .nged to act upon the ends of the sticks 01; locks, and adapted to convey wood and press f: 1 against the surface of said grinder, substantially as described,

9. The combination of the grinding-cylinder with he hopper and a continuously-revolving spiked surface or surfaces, as an endless chain or chains provided with points or spikes arranged at each end of the hopper, so as to penetrate the ends of the sticks of wood and feed the same continuously with the required pressure against the surface of said grinding-cylinder, substantially as described.

10. A wood-grinding machine consisting of a frame having a pit or receptacle divided by a partition and provided with an inlet-pipe and an outlet, a cylindrical grinder supported in hearings in said frame so as to revolve within said pit or receptacle over said partition, a hopper provided With shelves and pierced with holes near the line of attachment, and one or more spiked surfaces arranged to penetrate the ends of sticks of wood placed in said hopper and feed them continuously against the grinding-surface, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

STEPHEN M. ALLEN. 

